Which therapy significantly reduces the risk of coronary artery aneurysm in Kawasaki disease?

• A. Aspirin therapy alone
• B. Steroid therapy alone
• C. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy
• D. Antibiotic therapy

Answer: (C)

Kawasaki disease can inflame and damage the coronary arteries, so preventing aneurysms hinges on rapidly calming the body's inflammatory response. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy does exactly that: it modulates the immune system and lowers inflammatory cytokines, protecting the vessel walls. When given early—ideally within the first 7–10 days of illness—it dramatically reduces the chance of coronary artery aneurysm formation, lowering risk well beyond what aspirin alone can achieve. While aspirin is important for anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effects and steroids may be used in certain situations, IVIG is the most effective intervention for preventing aneurysms in Kawasaki disease. Antibiotics don’t address the underlying vasculitis, so they’re not the preventive choice here.