Which medication class is first-line for preventing symptoms in mild persistent pediatric asthma?

• A. Leukotriene receptor antagonists.
• B. Inhaled corticosteroids (e.g., budesonide).
• C. Oral beta-agonists.
• D. Systemic corticosteroids.

Answer: (B)

Daily control of airway inflammation is the aim in mild persistent pediatric asthma. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective way to achieve that, because they deliver anti-inflammatory medicine directly to the airways with minimal systemic effects when used with proper technique. Regular use reduces symptoms, nighttime awakenings, and helps improve lung function, making them the preferred initial preventive therapy for most children. An example is budesonide. Leukotriene receptor antagonists like montelukast can be used if inhaled steroids aren’t suitable or as an add-on, but they’re not the first choice for preventing symptoms. Short-acting beta-agonists relieve symptoms quickly but do not prevent them; systemic corticosteroids are reserved for severe or uncontrolled flares. Ensure proper inhaler use and adherence to maximize the benefit of inhaled corticosteroids.